Audion or lamp relay or amplifying apparatus



' 1 1,584,701 M. c. A. LATOUR AUDION OR LAMP RELAY OR AMPLIF YING APPARATUS Filed July 2, 1918 May 11 192s.

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Inventor: Mg -r al'iorud.

Attorney.

or thermionic relay transformers with constructed for high frequency.

, Patented May 11,1926.

0 consists in connecting fir panying the presen UNITED STATE MARIUS o. A. LATOUR, or PARIS, r

JERSEY cI'rY,

:This invention relates t in or modificatio in my Patent N 28, 1917.

In 1n of obv' the number of succe can be effected by co formers provided for order of magnitude i a time when undesirable nois of the precautions taken.

The ob indicate a process enabling successive am ed in practice to be incr s limited;

NEW J'ER 0' an improvement n of" the invention described 0. 1,405,523,

filed December y patent above referred to the means iating undesirable nois fiers was indicated. N everth ssive amplifications that nnecting several audions s ill-cascade with transfrequencies ofthe same There comes.

eless in practice es occur, in spite ject of the present invention is to the number of plifications that may be effecteased,. for the pur-.

pose of reception injwireless telegraphy. It

a certain number of an relays wltha view I frequency signal ,current by 4 dlcated 1n the main magnetic the maximum number ofthe known processes and in to amplify the signal-by a se or, thermionic relays connecte described in the main applica or low frequency. of the drawing acc In-' cation illustrateuction of the arformers constructed f .Figures Land 2 t specifi diagrammatically the eonstr rangements indicated above.

Figure. 1 transformer st of all in cascade dions or thermionic to; amplifying the high I utilizing, as inapplication, for example,

uits of iron Then when ghefrequency 3 way be efhed, indetectent by one of ontinuing then ries of audions d in cascade as tion with transcirc shows the connection of special for the telephone indicated 1n- I trated, having-only four audions or thermi- -on1c relays 1, 2, 3, 4, hereinafter referred to the filaments of which are heated t'ery- 5 and the plate circuits of supplied with current by'one and e same source of continuous current 6.

The high-frequency current t gativepole of as audions, by the bat -which are isled to the grid and the ne the filament of the audion frequency transformer 7 permit high-frequency amplification b the audion 2, and the high-- 0 be amplified 1. The highs of a second 7 yjmea-ns' of frequency trans- RANGE, ASSIGNOB ITO LATOUR .C SEY, A CORPORATION AUnIoN on LAMP RELAY on AMPLIFYING Application filed July 2, 1918. Serial No. 243,080. (eaanran UNDER-THE PROVISIONS or THE AM 'or MARCH-3, 1921, 41 STAT. L

es in the ampli- 1,5 4,701 PATENT 0FFICE'. J

ORPORATION, or

OF DELAWARE.

AIPfARAIUS.

former enables the grid-filament circuit or the audlon 3, which operates as a detector,

be supplied with c t e positive terminal of the filament-and to the grid t rough a small capacity 11 shunted by a high resistance.

The ratio of transform former 8 is preferably umty.

The losv-frequency transformer 9 for a low-frequency amplification e audion 4:,the plate-fila cult of which supples current to the telephone lO'either directly as illustrated in the drawing, or by means of a-special transformer 15, Figure 1". i The introduction of a lowplification atthe last stage stoppage of all hi gh-frequency current which would otherwise reach the telephone head p ece andcause sustained oscillations. With the same object, 1. e., high-frequency current, c 14 are arranged as shun the low-frequency tran ary of this transforme head-piece, respectivel These capacities the high-frequency serious disturbance amplification. The

made greater than provides frequency amallows of the apacities 12, 13 and ts to, the primary of sformer, the secondr,' and the telephone y- I provide a shunt path for currents without causing s in the low-frequency capacity13 arranged between the grid'and the filament of theaudion 4 is particularly efficacious for the purpose of v preventing oscillation. If highf oscillation occurs for certain wave resistance 16 Wil lengths a 1 be then allel either on connected in par the primary. or the secondary off the high freq'uency transformers in order to introduce the necessary damping." A coupling may be established between the plate circuit of rrec'eiying. circuit or any intermediate 'cir-- cuit of the series "for th ,viding an arrangement heterodyne receptionof continuous. waves.

In particular, as. shown in: Figure 1, there may be connected between the gridand the filament of the first audion the a transformer -18 of which: th coupled with the audion. 'Alternat be coupled with t ceding audion. I -The inductance of the transformer 18 will be such t which permits the plate circuit of the detector vely thisprimary' coil could he plate circuit 0 urrent Which is led to the stoppage of all the detector audion and the secondary of primary is ation of the transi S y ment cirrequency e purpose of prosecondary ofthe hat it does not damp the reception to an appreciable extent. All the combinations that I have described may be provided in one and the same piece of apparatus, which occupies little space and does not necessitate any special regulation.

7 The same audions may be utilized, in a similar amplifier, for the amplification n certain high fiequency stages and in certain lmv-frequenc'y 'stages. The accompanying Figure 2 shows the arrangement of such an amplifier, according to the present nvention. In this figure the amplifier comprises three audions 1, 2, 3, the filaments of which are heated by the battery 5 and the plate-filament circuits supplied with current by the common battery 6. The high-frequency current to be amplified is introduced between ihe'grid and-the filament of the audioi 1. It. is then introduced through the secondary of the transformer 7 into the audion 2, which amplifies it afresh, and it is finally conducted to the audion 3 through, the transformer 8. The audion 3 plays the part of detector, and consequently detected current, that is to say low-frequency current, flows between its plate and its filament. This lowfrequency current is transformed into' the secondary of the transformer 9 inserted between the grid and the filament of the audion 2, which amplifies the low-frequency current afresh. In this way the audion 2 amplifies first of all the high-frequency current, and then the low-frequency current which is ultimately heard in the telephone receiver 10. In order to shunt the highfrequency current around the windings of the low-frequency transformer 9, capacities 12 and 13 are connected across the'terminals of thesewindings.

In a general way, as many stages of lowi'requency amplification may be ultimately employed as there are stages of high frequency amplification, but the first audion will be preferably reserved for the highfrequency working only.

\Vhat I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patentof the United States, is:

1. In a high-frequency signaling system, the combination of a plurality of thermionic relays arranged in cascade and including a.

high-frequency amplifier relay, a low-frequency amplifier relay and an intermediate thermionic detector relay, means for coupling said relays comprising transformers coupling the output circuit of each of said relays tothe input of the succeeding relay, a common source for supplying space current to all of said relays, a condenser shunting a winding of the transformer coupling said detector relay with said low-frequency amplifier relay whereby high-frequency current is diverted from said low-frequency relay and the tendency to the production of high-' frequency oscillations through the use of said common source is reduced, and supplemental means for preventing high-frequency oscillations.

2. In a high-frequency signaling system, the combination of a plurality of thermionic relays arranged in cascade and including a thermionic detector relay following a thermionic amplifier relay, a common source for supplying space current to all of said relays, and means for coupling the output circuit of each of said relays to the input circuit of the succeeding relay, the input circuit of said detector relay at least being coupled directly to the output circuit of the preceding relay through a transformer having a core of magnetic material adapted to damp out highfrequency oscillations which tend to be produced through the use of said common source.

3. In a high-frequency signaling system, the combination of a plurality of thermionic relays arranged in cascade and includin a high-frequency amplifier relay, 2. loW-ire quency amplifier relay, and in intermediate thermionic detector relay, a common source for supplying space current to all of said relays, and means for coupling the output circuit of each of said relays to the input circuit of the'succeeding relay, the input circuit of said detector relay at least being coupled directly to the output circuit of the preceding relay through a transformer having a core of magnetic material adapted to damp out high-frequency oscillations which tend to be produced through the use of said common source.

4. In a high-frequency signaling system, the combination of a plurality of thermionic relays arranged in cascade and including a high-frequency amplifier relay, a low-trequency amplifier relay, and in intermediate thermionic detector relay, a common source for supplying space current to all of said relays, means for coupling the output circuit of each of said relays to the input circuit of the succeeding relay, and a capacity in shunt with the coupling means connected in the output circuit of said detector relay, whereby high-frequency current is diverted from said low-frequency relay and the tendency to the production of high-frequency oscillations through the use of sa d common source is reduced, the input circuit of said detector relay at least being coupled directly to the output circuit of the preceding relay through a transformer having a core of magnetic material adapted to effectually damp out high-frequency oscillations.

5. In a high-frequency signaling system, the combinationof a plurality of thermionic relays arranged in cascade and including a thermionic detector relay following a thermionic amplifier relay, means for coupling the output circuit of each of said relays to the input circuit of the succeeding relay,

' the outputi of the last including a plurality and a transformer coupling the output circuit of the last'of said relays to the input circuit of a preceding relay other than the first'of'the cascade, whereby incoming sig a plurality of times through.

ing rclaythrough a' transformer liavinga core of magnetic material adapted to damp out high-frequency oscillations which tend to be produced through said coupling of of said relays to the input circuit of a preceding'relay.

6. In the reception 'of signals of highfrequency with a-therniionic relay system of cascaded thermionic relays depending on space current, a method which consists high-frequency, then lowering the frequency, then amplifying anew the current at the lower frequency thus obtained, supplying space current to all of said relays from a common source, diverting high-frequency current from the low-frequency circuits, whereby the production of high-frequency oscillations through the use of said common source is reduced, and introducing reactions supplementing said diversion to effectually prevent high-frequency oscillations.

7. In the reception of signals of highfrequency with a thermionic relay system relays depending on space current, a

I lations of of cascaded thermionic method which consists in supplying space currentto all of said relays from a common source, substantially aperiodically amplifying oscilhigh-frequency, said aperiodic amplification being adapted to damp out high frequency oscillations which tend to produced through the use of said common including a plurality 'source, then lowering the frequency, and

then amplifying anew the oscillations at the lower frequency thus obtained.

8. In the reception of high-frequency signals with a thermionic relay system includ- ,ing a plurality of cascaded thermionic relays dcpendingon space current, amethod which consists in passing the received high-fremion-icamplifying relays to amplify such current at, a first order of frequencies, then n lowering the frequency of such current quency current through a plurality of ther- 3 's to a second order of frequencies sufficiently removed from the received frequencies to permit? ready separation of the two orders of frequencies, then in passing current of the second order of frequencies thus obtained again through one of said relays to obtain such current at the second. order of frequencies, supplying space source, and preventing 'Iations which tend to current to all of said relays from a common high frequency-oscilbe producedthrough' the'useof said common source and through in amplifying current at the use of one of said relays toamplify currents at two, orders of frequency. 9. In the reception of higli-frequencies a. signals with a thermionic relay system inthen in lowercurrent to a such current w.

second order of frequencies sufficiently re-' moved from the received frequencies to permit ready separation of the two orders of frequencies, then in passing current of the second order of frequencies thus obtained again through one of said relays other than the first of the cascade to obtain further amplification of such current at the second order of frequencies, supplying space current to all of said relays from a common source, and preventing high-frequency oscillations which tend tobe produced through the use.

of said common source and through the use of one of said relays to amplify currents -at two orders of frequencies. I

10. In the reception of high-frequency signals with a thermionic relay system including a plurality of cascaded thermionic relays depending on space current, a method which consists in supplying space current to all of said relays from a. common-- source, passing the received high-frequency current through a plurality of thermionic relays to substantially aperiodically amplify such current at a first order of frequencies, then in lowering the frequencies of such current to a second order of frequencies sutficiently removed from the received frequencies to permit ready'separation of the two orders of frequencies, and then in passing current of the second order of frequencies thus obtained again through one of said relays other than the first of the cascade to obtain further amplification of such current at the second order of frequencies, saidaperiodic amplification being adapted damp out high frequency oscillations which tend to be produced through the use of said common source and through the use of one of said relays to amplify current at two orders of frequencies.

11. In a system consisting of a plurality of thermionic relays of the audion type ar-- the method of receiving ranged in cascade, radio signals and of obtaining a higher de gree of amplification of such signals than is possible with amplification at frequencies of one order of magnitude on1y,with a minimum of current sources for said relays, and without the occurrence of disturbing noises, which comprises introducing reaotionspp} posing the production of disturbing highfrequency oscillations in the system, success sively amplifying the signal current at high- 4 &

frequency to a higher degree than would be possible without the production of oscillations which tend to be produced in spite of the introduction of said opposing react-ions,

= detecting the amplified high-frequency signal current, amplifying the detected signal current at low-frequency, supplying space current to all of said relays from a common source, diverting high-frequency current from the low-frequency circuits, whereby the production of high-frequency oscilla tions through the use of said common source is substantially prevented, and translating the amplified low-frequency current into sound waves.

12. In a system consisting of a plurality of thermionic relays of the audion type arranged in cascade, the method of receiving radio signals and of obtaining a higher degree of amplification of such signals than is possible with amplification at frequencies of one order of magnitude only, without the occurrence of disturbing noises, which comprises introducing reactions opposing the production of disturbing high-frequency oscillations in the system, successively amplifying the signal current at high-frequency .to the highest degree possible without the production of oscillations which tend to be produced in spite of the introduction of said opposing reactions, detecting the amplified high-frequency signal current, amplifying the detected signal current at low-frequency, and translating the amplified low-frequency current into sound waves. 13. In asystem consisting of a plurality of thermionic relays of the audion type arranged in cascade, the method of receiving radio signals and of obtaining a higher degree of amplification of such signals than is possible with amplification at of one order of magnitude only, without the occurrence of disturbing noises, which comprises introducing reactions opposing the production of disturbing high-frequency oscillations in the system, successively amplifying the signal current at high-frequency to a higher degree than would be possible Without the production of oscillations which tend to be produced in spite of the introduction of said opposing reactions, detecting the amplified high-frequency signal current, introducing reactions opposing the production of disturbances at low-frequency, successively amplifying the detected signal current at low-frequency to a higher degree than would be possible without the introduction of said reactions opposing low-frequency disturbances, and translating the amplified low-frequency current into sound waves. 7

14. In a system consisting of a plurality of thermionic relays of the audion type arranged in cascade, the method of receiving radio signals and of obtaining a higher defrequencies gree of amplification of such signals than is possible with amplification at frequencies of one order of magnitude only, without the occurrence of disturbing noises, which comprises introducing reactions opposing the production of disturbing high-frequency oscillations in the system, successively amplifying the signal current at high-frequency to the highest degree possible without the production of oscillations which tend to be produced in spite of the introduction of said opposing reactions, detecting the amplified high-frequency signal current, introducing reactions opposing the production of disturbances at low-frequency, successively amplifying the detected signal current at lowfrequency to a higher degree than would be possible without the introduction of said reactions opposing low-frequency disturbances, preventing high-frequency current from affecting the low-frequency amplifying step, and translating the amplified lowfrequency current into sound waves.

15. In a system consisting of a plurality of thermonic relays of the audion type arranged in cascade, the method of receiving radio signals and of obtaining a higher degree of amplification of such signals than is possible with amplification at frequencies of one order of magnitude only, without the occurrence of disturbing noises, which comprises introducing damping to prevent disturbing high-frequency oscillations in the system, successively amplifying the signal current at high-frequency to a. higher degree than would be possible without the production of oscillations which tend to be produced in spite of said damping, detecting the amplified high-frequency signal current, amplifying the detected signal current at low frequency, preventing high-frequency current from affecting the low-frequency amplifying step, and translating the amplified low-frequency current into sound waves.

16. A thermionic relay system for receiving radio signals wherein a higher degree of amplification of such signals is obtained than is possible with. amplification at frequencies of one order of magnitude only, without the occurrence of disturbing noises, comprising a plurality of transformer coupled thermionic relays of the audion type in cascade circuit arrangement, means for introducing reactions opposing the production of disturbing high-frequency oscillations in the system, means including a certain plurality of said circuits, transformers and relays for successively amplifying the signal current at high-frequency to the highest degree possible without the production of disturbing oscillations which tend to be produced in spite of said means introducmg reactions, means including one of said relays with its circuits for detecting the amplified signal-currennmeans opposing the production of disturbances at low frequency in the system, means including a certain plurality of said relays, transformers and circuits for successive] amplifying the detected signal current at lbw frequency to a higher degree than would be possible without said means opposing the production of low frequency disturbances, means for preventing high-frequency signal current from passing through said last mentioned transformers, and means for translating the amplified low-frequency signal current into sound waves.

17. A thermionic relay system for receiving radio signals wherein a higher degree of amplification of such signals is obtained than is possible with amplification at frequencies of one order of magnitude only, without the occurrence of disturbing noises, comprising a plurality of transformer coupled thermionic relays of the audion type in cascade circuit arrangement, means including said transformers for introducing reactions opposing the production of disturbing high-frequency oscillations in the system, means including a certain plurality of said circuits, transformers and relays for successively amplifying the signal current at high frequency to the highest degree possible without the production of disturbing oscillations which tend to be produced in spite of said means introducing reactions, means including one of said relays with its circuits for detecting the amplified signal current, means including certain of. said transformers for preventing disturbances at low frequency in the system, means including a certain plurality of said relays, transformers and circuits for successively amplifying the detected signal current at low frequency, means associated with certain of said last mentioned transformers for preventing high-frequency signal current from passing therethrough, and means for translating the amplified low-frequency signal current into sound waves.

18. A thermionic relay system for receiving radio signals wherein a higher degree of amplification of such signalsis obtained than is possible with amplification at frequencies of one order of magnitude only, Without the occurrence of disturbing noises, comprising a plurality of transformer coupled thermionic relays of the audion type in cascade circuit arrangement, resistance damping means associated with certain of said transformers for introducing reactions opposing the production of disturbing high frequency oscillations in the system, means including a; certain plurality of said circuits, transformers and relays for successively amplifying the signal current at high frequency to the highest degree possible without the production of disturbing oscillations which tend to be produced in-spite of said means, introducing opposing reactions, means including one of said relays with its circuits for detecting the amplified signal current, a thermionic relay for amplifying the detected signal current at low means for translating the amplified lowfrequency signal current into sound waves. 7

In testimony whereof I aflix my signature.

, MARIUS C. A. LATOUR.

frequency, and- 

